What is Global Warming and Ozone Depletion

What is Global Warming and Ozone Depletion

Ozone is a gas. It is concentrated in layer 25-30 Km above the earth’s surface. Ozone acts as a shield, protecting the earth from the damaging effects of ultraviolet radiation from the sun. Ultraviolet radiation is responsible for sunburn and skin cancer, snow-blindness, cataracts and eye-damage, ageing and wrinkling of skin, and reduced immunity to disease.

It is thinning or complete loss of layer of Ozone .It is 10 to 50 km above the earth.

Here the Ozone {triatomic oxygen} is formed by the action of ultraviolet radiation on the oxygen

in the atmosphere.High level of ultra violet radiation can be harmful to animal and plant l
Motor vehicle exhaust fumes create increasing amounts of ozone close to the earth’s surface.

High asthma levels in children,have been linked to traffic pollution.

Ozone absorbs the electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet region. Thus ozone prevents these rays to reach earth.Ozone shield appear to be breaking down.This is matter of serious concern. A depletion of ozone above the Antarctic was observed by the British Antarctic Survey in 1977 and the first ‘hole’ discovered there in 1985 (a ‘hole’ is where ozone depletion is over 50 per cent). This hole, which appears each spring, develops when very low temperatures allow the ozone to be destroyed in a chemical reaction involving chlorine. The main sources of chlorine are:

The release of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), especially from aerosols, by humans into the atmosphere(a long-term effect)

From major volcanic eruptions (a short-term effect).

The first observed ‘hole’ over the Arctic followed the coldest-ever January of 1989.Since then depletions have increased annually over northern Europe.

People are advised to use sunblocks and to limit exposure to direct sunlight.

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